Relation Between Autism, ADHD ODD, and Social, Emotional, Ethical, and Logical Learning (NGN SEEL)

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Treatment For Autism Spectrum Disorder

Credits : psychiatry.org

Even though autism cannot be cured, several effective interventions can improve a child's functioning:

• Social skills training:

  In group or individual settings, this intervention helps children with autism navigate social situations more effectively

• Speech & language therapy:

  Children can benefit from this therapy by improving their speech patterns and understanding of language.

• Occupational therapy:

  Handwriting problems, as well as adaptive skills deficits, are addressed by this therapy.

• Parent management training:

  Parents are taught effective ways to respond to problematic behavior and to encourage appropriate behavior in their children.

• Treating co-occurring conditions:

  Children with autism can achieve their fullest academic potential with the help of an Individual Education Plan, which accommodates their social communication deficits, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. A special day class is available for young children to address language, social, and life skills

• Treating co-occurring conditions:

  A higher percentage of children with autism experience insomnia, anxiety, and depression than their peers who do not have autism. Additionally, they are more likely to suffer from ADHD. It is essential to address the intellectual disability of children with autism. These conditions can be managed by providing all of the above, as well as psychotherapy and/or medication treatment.

• Medication:

  Depression, anxiety, and impulsivity can all be evaluated by a child psychiatrist. It may be helpful to take medicines if appropriate.

Symptoms and Diagnosis Of ADHD

Credits : psychiatry.org

The symptoms cause significant suffering and cause problems at home, school, and work.

ADHD comes in three types:

1. Predominantly inattentive presentation.
2. Predominantly hyperactive/impulsive presentation.
3. Combined presentation.

The disorder begins in childhood but can be diagnosed at any age. A diagnosis must be made before the individual is 12 and must have caused difficulties in more than one setting.

Inattentive ADHD

Credits : psychiatry.org

Being inattentive involves staying organized, focusing, and staying on task. A diagnosis of this type of ADHD requires six (or five for individuals over 17 years of age) of the following symptoms:

• Pays little attention to details or makes careless mistakes at work or school.
• Has trouble staying focused during lectures, conversations, or long readings.
• Does not seem to listen to you (i.e., seems to be elsewhere).
• Doesn't complete schoolwork, chores, or job duties (may start but quickly loses focus).
• Has problems organizing tasks and work (for instance, does not manage time well; has messy, disorganized work; misses deadlines).
• Preparing reports and filling out forms require sustained mental effort.
• Loses school papers, books, keys, wallet, cell phone, eyeglasses, and other things needed for daily life.
• Is easily distracted.
• Forgets daily tasks like chores and errands. Teenagers and adults may forget phone calls, bills, and appointments.

Hyperactive/impulsive ADHD

Credits : psychiatry.org

Being hyperactive is characterized by fidgeting, excessive energy, being unable to sit still, and being talkative. Decisions or actions taken without considering the consequences are termed impulsive. In order to qualify for a diagnosis of ADHD, six (or five if you are 17 or older) symptoms must be present:

• Squirms in the seat or fidgets with hands or feet.
• Inability to remain seated (in a classroom or at work).
• Inappropriately runs or climbs.
• Having difficulty playing or engaging in leisure activities in a quiet manner.
• Driven by a motor, always "on the go.".
• Talks too much.
• Answers questions before they're finished (for example, may finish people's sentences, can't wait to speak in conversations).
• Has difficulty waiting for his or her turn, such as when waiting in line.
• Occasionally interrupts or intrudes on others (for example, cutting into conversations, games, or activities, or using other people's items without their permission).

Combined type

This type of ADHD is diagnosed when both inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive criteria are met.

A mental health professional or a primary care provider is typically responsible for diagnosing ADHD. As part of a psychiatric evaluation, patients and caregivers will describe symptoms, complete scales, and questionnaires, provide a complete medical and psychiatric history,

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Credits: Mayo Clinic

Children can sometimes be difficult and challenging, even when they are well-behaved. Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) involves a pattern of anger, irritability, arguing, and defiance toward parents and other authority figures.

In addition to being spiteful, ODD also includes seeking revenge, also known as vindictiveness. Families, social activities, schoolwork, and work are adversely affected by these emotional and behavioral disorders.

The emotional and behavioral symptoms of ODD usually last for at least six months. The symptoms include anger and irritability, argumentative and defiant behavior, and hurtful and revengeful behavior.

Angry and irritable mood

• Loses temper easily and often.
• Has a tendency to be touchy and easily annoyed by others.
• Is often resentful and angry.

Argumentative and defiant behavior

• Argues frequently with adults or people in authority.
• Often actively resists or refuses to follow the instructions or rules of adults.
• Frequently annoys or upsets others on purpose.
• Frequently blames others for his or her own mistakes or misbehavior. Hurtful and revengeful behavior
• When upset, he or she says mean and hateful things.
• Seek revenge and hurt others' feelings, also known as vindictive behavior.
• At least twice in the last six months, he has displayed vindictive behavior. Severity

ODD can be mild, moderate or severe:

• Mild: When symptoms occur only in one setting, such as at home, at school, at work, or at a friend's house.
• Moderate: At least two settings are involved in some symptoms.
• Severe: Three or more settings may be involved in some symptoms.

Symptoms Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Credits: Mayo Clinic

The emotional and behavioral symptoms of ODD usually last for at least six months. The symptoms include anger and irritability, argumentative and defiant behavior, and hurtful and revengeful behavior.

Angry and irritable mood

• Loses temper easily and often.
• Has a tendency to be touchy and easily annoyed by others.
• Is often resentful and angry.

Argumentative and defiant behavior

• Argues frequently with adults or people in authority.
• Often actively resists or refuses to follow the instructions or rules of adults.
• Frequently annoys or upsets others on purpose.
• Frequently blames others for their own mistakes or misbehavior.

Hurtful and revengeful behavior

• When upset, he or she says mean and hateful things.
• Seek revenge and hurt others' feelings, also known as vindictive behavior.
• At least twice in the last six months, he has displayed vindictive behavior.

Severity

ODD can be mild, moderate, or severe:

• Mild:

  When symptoms occur only in one setting, such as at home, at school, at work, or at a friend's house.When symptoms occur only in one setting, such as at home, at school, at work, or at a friend's house.

• Moderate:

  At least two settings are involved in some symptoms.

• Severe:

  Three or more settings may be involved in some symptoms.